邁向在臨床環境中使用人工智能的生態有效概念框架 Toward an Ecologically Valid Conceptual Framework for the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Clinical Settings

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這項研究得出了一個明確關注人工智能與臨床醫生之間互動的框架。所提出的框架建立在人因模型之上,例如技術接受模型和期望理論。該框架可用於執行定量和定性分析(混合方法),以獲得臨床醫生-AI 交互如何根據預期、工作量、信任、與吸收能力和有限理性相關的認知變量,以及對患者安全的擔憂。如果加以利用,擬議的框架可以幫助確定影響臨床醫生使用 AI 意圖的因素,從而提高 AI 的接受度並解決 AI 問責制的缺失,同時保護患者、臨床醫生和 AI 技術。

In this study, we derived a framework that focuses explicitly on the interaction between AI and clinicians. The proposed framework builds upon well-established human factors models such as the technology acceptance model and expectancy theory. The framework can be used to perform quantitative and qualitative analyses (mixed methods) to capture how clinician-AI interactions may vary based on human factors such as expectancy, workload, trust, cognitive variables related to absorptive capacity and bounded rationality, and concerns for patient safety. If leveraged, the proposed framework can help to identify factors influencing clinicians’ intention to use AI and, consequently, improve AI acceptance and address the lack of AI accountability while safeguarding the patients, clinicians, and AI technology.

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