Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (NTU Singapore) and the Institute of Mental Health (IMH) have developed an artificial intelligence (AI) framework capable of identifying youths at high risk of psychosis from short samples of casual, spontaneous speech.
This is the first reported study in Singapore to focus specifically on early psychosis risk among youths using large language models (LLMs), a form of artificial intelligence trained to analyze and generate human language.
The study demonstrated that LEMon-AID performs significantly better than conventional approaches.
It boosted overall predictive accuracy from 55% under conventional direct LLM prompting to 67%, while increasing detection sensitivity so that up to 93% of at-risk youths can be identified.
Unlike traditional machine learning models, which may operate as "black boxes," LEMon-AID generates natural-language explanations alongside its risk assessments.
This allows clinicians to understand the reasoning behind each prediction, making AI a safer and more transparent tool for doctors to use when evaluating patients.
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