Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Microvascular invasion (MVI) is a critical pathological indicator of postoperative recurrence and poor prognosis in patients with HCC. Some researchers have explored the diagnostic accuracy of deep learning (DL) based on various imaging modalities for MVI.
This meta-analysis included 52 studies with 19,531 patients with HCC.
The results demonstrate a significant potential for these models in predicting MVI. However, their clinical applicability requires rigorous evaluation, given the scarcity of independent external validation cohorts, notable heterogeneity among them, and the observed decline in model performance. Therefore, prospective, multicenter studies following standardized reporting guidelines are a critical future direction.
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